US and Saudi Arabia sign landmark nuclear deal for civilian program

US Energy Secretary Chris Wright and Saudi Minister of Energy Abdulaziz bin Salman signed a nuclear agreement on Wednesday that would enable Saudi Arabia to launch a civilian nuclear program. While the full details have not been made public, the framework reportedly allows the kingdom to acquire a uranium enrichment facility.

The deal is expected to last 30 years and relies on US technology. It includes "bilateral safeguards" against nuclear proliferation, but notably does not include the International Atomic Energy Agency's (IAEA) Additional Protocol, which would provide stricter monitoring and inspections.

Wright stated in a press release: "These agreements reflect our two nations’ shared commitment to strengthening US-Saudi commercial relations, delivering prosperity at home and security to our allies abroad. Rest assured, these agreements uphold the highest standards of nuclear safety and nonproliferation, while relying on the world’s best nuclear technology and scientists, designed right here in the United States."

Uranium enrichment can produce fuel for nuclear power plants, but the same technology can also be used to build nuclear weapons. Because of this, US lawmakers from both parties have previously voiced opposition to a civilian nuclear project for Saudi Arabia.

Secretary of State Marco Rubio, when asked about the risks, said: "The US is not going to reach any agreement with any country in the world that leads to the risk of proliferation."

The agreement will now be sent to Congress for review, where it is expected to face opposition. However, with Republicans controlling both chambers, implementation is unlikely to be blocked.

The announcement comes as the US, together with Israel, launched a war against Iran, partly due to concerns over Tehran's nuclear capabilities. Iran has repeatedly insisted its enrichment program is peaceful.