Draughts in your flat: simple ways to keep heat in and cut heating costs

A flat can feel cold and draughty even when the heating is running at full power. The cause may be worn window or door seals rather than the heating system or poorly insulated walls. This matters most in winter, when cold air seeps in through gaps, but the problem can often be solved without major spending, according to the outlet “Desired”.

Why draughts appear

Over time, rubber seals wear out and become brittle, so windows and doors may no longer close tightly enough. Data from the energy company Vattenfall indicates that leaky windows can lose up to 12% of a home's heat. The larger the gaps, the more heat escapes and the higher heating bills can climb.

How to check for gaps

The simplest method is the paper test. Place a sheet of paper between the window sash and the frame, close the window and try to pull the paper out. If it slides out very easily, the seal at that spot is probably not tight enough. Several points around the window's perimeter should be checked. A candle flame can also reveal draughts, but an open flame near windows and doors is a fire hazard.

Cheaper solutions

Before buying new windows, it is worth trying simpler options:

• self-adhesive rubber or foam sealing tape;
• brushes or flexible strips along the bottom edge of doors;
• replacing damaged or hardened seals;
• adjusting the window fittings if a window closes loosely.

Tape should be applied to a clean, fully dry surface. Its thickness must match the width of the gap, since tape that is too thick makes closing difficult. Corners need particular attention so that no gaps remain at the joints. The paper test is then repeated.

Other measures

Thicker curtains can help retain warmth, but they should not cover radiators. A gap under the front door can be closed with a seal or draught excluder. Ventilation openings must not be blocked, and if cold air flows from them, it should be checked whether the system works properly. Rugs do not stop air leaks but ease the feeling of cold on the floor. Small gaps around pipes and windowsills can be sealed with sealant; large gaps or moisture damage call for a specialist. In a rented flat, repairs should first be agreed with the owner.