Why autumn crocus-like flowers bloom right now, in fall

Each September, gardens across the region see the colorful blooms of Colchicum autumnale, commonly known as autumn crocus or meadow saffron. Unlike most bulb flowers, which bloom in spring, this plant flowers in fall, making it an unusual and visually striking addition to plantings.

An unusual growth cycle

Autumn crocus follows a reversed pattern compared to typical bulb plants: broad, dark green, glossy leaves emerge in spring and die back later. Although the yellowing leaves may look untidy, gardeners are advised not to remove them too early, since doing so can reduce the number of blooms the following season. The leaves can safely be cleared away in June, when the plant enters its dormant period.

Replanting and growing conditions

In one spot, autumn crocus can grow for five to six years, but replanting every three to four years produces more abundant blooms. The best time to replant is during the summer dormancy period, from June to August.

When planting in the garden, a sunny, wind-sheltered location is recommended, with soil rich in organic matter, well-drained, and neutral to slightly alkaline. Bulbs should be planted at roughly three times their own depth, spaced 10 to 15 centimeters apart.

Color variety and winter care

Autumn crocus flowers come not only in purple but also white, bluish, and pink shades. Particularly striking are the double-flowered varieties ‘Waterlily’, ‘Alboplenum’, and ‘Pleniflorum’.

Growing the plant is not difficult, but in winter it can suffer from frost without snow cover, so more delicate varieties should be protected with a layer of mulch or peat. Tree leaves are not recommended for covering, as they can harbor slugs that damage the plant's leaves and flowers.