Albania introduces fines for staying in a protest crowd that turns violent

Albania's government on Wednesday adopted legislative measures imposing fines of up to 500,000 leks (about €5,500, or US$6,130) on anyone who chooses to remain in a crowd carrying out violence or looting in a public space, or who conceals their identity. A fine can apply even if the person commits no violent act. Prime Minister Edi Rama's government is trying to curb gatherings that call for his resignation.

Background to the protests

The capital, Tirana, has been shaken by months of anti-government protests, which in recent days have turned into pitched battles between security forces and demonstrators. The movement has no leader. It began peacefully in May with rallies against a luxury hotel project in a nature reserve, backed by Jared Kushner, son-in-law of US president Donald Trump. In mid-October it turned into a wave of student-led protests against perceived corruption, shortcomings in the health system and a lack of prospects for young people in a country of 2.3 million. The average pre-tax salary in Albania is €930 a month, so the maximum fine is more than five times that.

Other measures

Police were given powers to temporarily restrict gatherings in certain areas, including near educational, healthcare and government institutions, where there is a risk of violence. The measures also provide for sanctions against online incitement to violence and for compensation to small businesses damaged during protests.

The measures take effect immediately but must be approved by parliament within 45 days to remain in force. Rama said on Sunday he was inspired by a French bill, passed by the upper house of the French parliament on Wednesday, that would make protesters financially liable for damage caused during street demonstrations. The prime minister has repeatedly blamed "foreign actors" for the violence and accused Russia and Iran of driving online misinformation. He has also called for dialogue.