West Nile virus spreads rapidly across Europe: hardest-hit countries
The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) reports a sharp rise in West Nile virus cases, with the majority recorded in Greece and Italy, out of a total of 81 locally acquired infections.
According to ECDC data as of July 22, 2026, Europe has recorded 81 locally acquired West Nile virus cases across 35 regions in six countries. In the past week alone, the virus has appeared in nine new areas, indicating rapid spread.
Italy is the most affected country with 46 cases in 20 regions, including Milan, Verona, and Florence. Greece has 21 cases across six regions, while North Macedonia, Romania, Spain, and France together account for 14 more cases.
In Greece, the situation is severe: 20 out of 21 patients have developed serious central nervous system disorders, including encephalitis and meningitis. No deaths have been reported, but 13 people remain hospitalized. Fourteen of these cases were detected in the last week, mostly concentrated in the Attica region. Greek health authorities note that the virus has been established in the country since 2010.
The West Nile virus is transmitted by mosquitoes, with birds serving as the natural reservoir. Spread is influenced by weather, mosquito population density, and bird migration. ECDC recommends using personal protective measures against mosquito bites, especially in affected areas. The agency publishes weekly updates on virus activity.
