Expert explains what to do in case of hogweed burn

Hogweed remains one of the most dangerous invasive plants in Estonia. Its sap may not cause an immediate reaction, but under the influence of sunlight or heat, a chemical burn develops. How to provide first aid and when to see a doctor?

As nurse consultant Rute Kastanje from the Health Board's Poison Information Centre said on Radio 4's morning show, the danger lies in the furanocoumarins contained in the plant. After sap gets on the skin, they are activated by ultraviolet radiation or heat, causing tissue damage.

People often do not even notice the moment of contact – for example, while driving a motorcycle or quad bike through tall grass. Similar substances are also found in parsnip leaves.

After contact with the sap, the affected area should be washed with cool water as soon as possible. Over the next 24 hours, preferably 48 hours, exposure to sunlight and heat should be completely avoided: avoid hot showers, baths, and saunas, cover the affected skin with clothing, or if that is not possible, use a high-protection sunscreen.

It is also recommended not to rub the skin and, if necessary, use over-the-counter hydrocortisone ointment.

"If a burn does develop, with blisters, treatment will be quite lengthy. These changes can remain on the skin for two weeks to several months. Sometimes pigmentation changes remain – the skin area may be lighter or darker. It takes a very long time to treat," said Kastanje.

"If there is redness, pain, itching, or large blisters, it is better to see a doctor with such a burn. Sometimes the blisters need to be surgically opened, just cut to release the fluid. Then special burn dressings are worn," the nurse added. If an infection occurs, antibiotic treatment is also prescribed.

The Poison Information Centre reminds that if in any doubt after contact with hogweed, you can call 16662, where consultants will explain first aid steps and advise when medical intervention is needed.