Gynecologist explains signs of perimenopause, urges women not to delay seeking help
Gynecologist Katrīna Puriņa-Liberte outlines the symptoms of perimenopause and stresses there is no single treatment that works for every woman. She encourages regular check-ups so changes in the body are caught early.
Perimenopause is the life stage preceding menopause, during which sex hormone levels gradually decline and the menstrual cycle becomes irregular. The topic has been gaining more attention both internationally and in Latvia, with prominent public figures abroad having spoken openly about it, and several books on women's health at this age recently published in Latvia.
Gynecologist Katrīna Puriņa-Liberte explains that perimenopause includes the menopausal transition plus the year following the last period, while menopause itself is defined as 12 consecutive months without menstruation. Symptoms can be grouped into three stages depending on when they appear: early on, cycle irregularities, hot flashes and mood swings occur; later, vaginal and skin dryness, weight gain and joint pain may develop; and in the long term, low estrogen levels can contribute to osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease and dementia.
When to seek help
The doctor notes that symptoms develop gradually, so regular visits to a gynecologist starting around age 35 are important for catching early signs. She recalls cases of women who endured heavy bleeding for months before finally consulting a doctor. At the same time, she points to a positive trend — women are now increasingly seeking help not only for classic symptoms like hot flashes but also for issues such as sleep disturbances and mood changes.
A personalized approach to treatment
According to the gynecologist, there is no single universal pill or method that helps every woman — each patient needs an individualized solution developed together with her doctor. Lifestyle factors also play a major role, including a balanced diet, sufficient sleep, physical activity and stress reduction. Medication, including menopausal hormone therapy, should only be started on a doctor's recommendation, not based on advice from social media influencers. The gynecologist encourages women not to stay silent about their symptoms and, if needed, to seek out another specialist with whom they can find mutual understanding.
